For medical applications, the use of 3D printing starts when this technology was first commercialized. Nowadays, the use of 3D printing for medical applications is expanding rapidly and probably will revolutionize health care in the near future. The main benefit of this technology consists in the opportunity to create customized and personalized medical products, such as implants and anatomical models, drugs and equipment. 3D printing represents a helpful instrument for the creation of patient-specific vascular anatomic models for medical device testing, for the interpretation of physiological conditions and for planning safer and more accurate interventions. In this context, the aim of this thesis work is (1) the fabrication of 3D printed phantoms representing a portion of the descending aorta, and (2) the automatic characterization of the compliance under realistic pulsatile flow conditions.