The Albufera of Valencia is one of the most iconic wetlands in Europe and represents a paradigmatic example of the difficult but essential interaction between nature and human activity; in fact, it is a symbol of the environmental importance of wetlands, but also of the socio-economic richness that revolves around these areas and of the environmental problems this ecosystem suffers. This thesis was conducted with a research team of the Polytechnic University of Valencia, led by Professor Guillermo Salvador Palau; the object of the research was the study of the rice crops surrounding the Albufera lake in order to better understand the relationships between the human water management of the area and the biodiversity of the wetland ecosystem.