L'acustica dei green buildings e il suo impatto sulla produttività degli occupanti

Chiara Francesca Morbelli

L'acustica dei green buildings e il suo impatto sulla produttività degli occupanti.

Rel. Arianna Astolfi, Adrian Passmore, Arup Acoustics. Politecnico di Torino, Corso di laurea specialistica in Architettura (Costruzione), 2008

Questa è la versione più aggiornata di questo documento.

Controlla la disponibilità in biblioteca

Abstract:	Green building guidelines, standards and rating systems, whose potential is now admittedly well established in the building industry, represent a challenging opportunity to encourage the design of healthier and more comfortable buildings. The attainment of “green” certification is often a goal that has greatly influenced building design. Since great emphasis (and several credits) has been placed on indoor air quality and natural daylight, harmless building materials and “environmentally friendly” sources of energy, design teams working on certified projects tend to concentrate only on these items, disregarding acoustics. Therefore the point at issue is: why is acoustics not included into the above mentioned criteria? They do not take into consideration (or they barely do) the importance of good acoustics on human efficiency as well as the harm that poor acoustics causes to people. Moreover, environmental experts do not seem to have carefully analyzed the effects of poor acoustics which eventually trumps the benefits of good lighting and good air quality. Neither have they questioned how acoustics deals with green building technologies (and vice versa) nor how acoustics influences productivity. Another issue which requires investigation is related to the causes which determine poor acoustic in a green environment. The question is twofold: a) is acoustic in a green environment perceived as poor (even though its standards are the same as they used to be in the past) because other parameters such as lighting, indoor air quality and thermal comfort have improved? b) do green buildings have features that inevitably lead to an unsatisfactory acoustic environment? Green building is still a developing field of knowledge and expertise, and there is need to investigate further on in order to asses objectives and proposes corrections for former standards. This study aims to provide healthier and more productive environments for office occupants by proving the need of including acoustic requirements (and credits as well) into the green building rating systems. I will approach the problem by selecting a number of office buildings with different “green” features and evaluating them acoustically. Due to time and access constraints, only three Arup based office buildings will be taken into consideration, all of them containing open-plan offices occupied by white-collar workers. Measured parameters will include: Background Noise Level, Reverberation Time and Speech Transmission Index. Measurement procedures will be carried out according to the following standards: • BS 8233:1999 and ISO R1996 for Background Noise Level • BS EN ISO 3382:2000 for Reverberation Time • IEC 60268-16 for STI Moreover, an occupant satisfaction survey will be carried out using a web-based questionnaire powered by FreeOnLineSurveys.com to get a clear and useful assessment of occupants’ comfort, well being and productivity. This will allow me to quantify how well a building is performing and how cross-correlated indoor environmental factors (air quality, thermal comfort, lighting, and acoustics) can influence productivity from the perspective of its occupants. The data resulting from the acoustical measurements will be compared along with the ones resulting from the survey and they will be analyzed to identify situations corresponding to high and low satisfaction and to find out which aspects of “green” buildings still need improvement. Abstract in italiano (PDF, 16kB - Creative Commons Attribution) Abstract in inglese (PDF, 15kB - Creative Commons Attribution)
Relatori:	Arianna Astolfi, Adrian Passmore, Arup Acoustics
Tipo di pubblicazione:	A stampa
Soggetti:	S Scienze e Scienze Applicate > SA Acustica A Architettura > AD Bioarchitettura
Corso di laurea:	Corso di laurea specialistica in Architettura (Costruzione)
Classe di laurea:	NON SPECIFICATO
Aziende collaboratrici:	Arup Acoustics - Londra (United Kingdom)
URI:	http://webthesis.biblio.polito.it/id/eprint/1214
Capitoli:	1 Introduction 1.1 Statement of the problem 1.2 Objectives and methodology 2 Background 2.1 Health and Productivity 2.1.1 Indoor Environmental factors • Air Quality • Lighting • Thermal Comfort • Acoustics 2.2 “Green” Buildings acoustical issues and technologies 2.2.1 Issues • Architectural design trends • Acoustical Solutions • Speech privacy 2.2.2 Technologies • Double skin façades • Passive stack system • Natural Ventilation • Building integrated photovoltaic and wind turbines 2.3 Rating Systems 2.3.1 BREEAM 2.3.2 LEED 2.3.3 ITACA 2.3.4 Critique of BREEAM, LEED and ITACA 3 Methods and Data 3.1 Buildings descriptions • 13 Fitzroy Street, London • Arup Midlands Campus, Solihull • Carlow House, London 3.2 Post Occupancy Evaluations Survey 4 Results & Discussion 4.1 Database analysis 4.1.1 Acoustics 4.1.2 Thermal comfort 4.1.3 Lighting 4.1.4 Indoor Air quality 4.1.5 Office Layout 4.2 Cross correlation and Conclusions: productivity & acoustics, lighting, thermal comfort, indoor air quality, office layout 4.3 Limitations 5 Saggio di Ricerca II: La progettazione acustica degli uffici open space 6 Glossary 7 Bibliography 8 Attachments
Bibliografia:	Abbaszadeh S, “Post Occupancy Evaluation of Indoor Environmental Quality in Commercial Buildings: Do green buildings have more satisfied occupants?” UC Berkeley, 2006 Abbaszadeh S, Zagreus L, Leherer D, Huizenga C, “Occupants satisfaction with Indoor Environmental Quality in Green Buildings” Proc of Healthy Buildings 2006, Vol 3, 365-370, Lisbon, 2006 Antonio N, “Control of noise between Intermediate spaces with a double skin façade”, Arup Antonio N, “Control of internal sound transmission through shared passive stack systems”, Arup Arup Associates “Sustainable Buildings are better business, can we deliver them together?” case studies, British Council for Offices, 2006 Baldwin R, Yates A, Howard N, Rao S, “BREEAM 98 for Offices” BRE, 1998 Boulter N, “The role of acoustic design in comfort, health and wellbeing” Proc IOA, Vol 29, Part 3, 2007 Bradley J.S, “Acoustical Design for Open-Plan Offices” Construction technology Update, National Research Council Canada, Vol. 63, 2004 BRE, “Designing quality buildings” a BRE guide, 2007 BRE, “Putting a price on sustainability” BREpress 2007 Cowell R.J, “Sustainable Design in Acoustics” Proc IOA, Vol. 27, Part 2, 2005 Cowell R.J, Braithwaite P. “Acoustics and Sustainability” Proc IOA, Vol. 29, Part 3, 2007 Clausen G, Carric L, Fanger P, Kim S, Poulsen T, Rindhell J, “A comparative study of Discomfort caused by indoor air pollution, thermal load and noise” Indoor Air, Vol. 3, 255-262, 1993 DeSalis M, Oldham D, Sharples S, “Noise control strategies for naturally ventilated buildings” Building and Environment, Vol 37, 471-484, 2002 Evans G, Candas V, “Stress and Open-office noise” Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 85, 779-783, 2000 Field C, “The relationship between good acoustic design practices and sustainable building design” Abstract, Internoise 2007 Heerwagen J, “The Human Factors of Sustainable Building Design: Post Occupancy Evaluation of the Philip Merrill Environmental Center, Annapolis, MD” Center for the Built Environment, UC Berkeley, 2005 Heerwagen J, “Green buildings, organizational success and occupant productivity” Building Research & Information, 28, 353-367, 2000 Hodgson M, Hyde R, Fulton B, “Acoustical Evaluation of Six Green Office Buildings” from ICA, Madrid 2007 Huizenga C, “LEED Post-Occupancy Evaluation: Taking Responsibility for the Occupants” GreenBuild 2005, Nov 2005 Institute for Environment and Health, “IEH Report on the non-auditory effects of noise” Report R10, 1997 Jeffcote S, Hrivnak J, “Assessing materials: Methods of Determing Sustainability” Proc IOA, Vol. 29, Part 3, 2007 Jensen K, Arens E, Zagreus L, “Acoustical Quality in Office workstations, as assessed by Occupant Surveys” Proc Indoor Air 2005, Vol. 6, 201-209, 2005 Jurdy B, “Acoustics of Green Buildings with Open Plan Offices” in Northwest Construction, 2006 Kang J, Yu C, “Lifecycle analysis of acoustic materials in residential buildings” Proc IOA, Vol. 29, Part 3, 2007 Kurtz A, “What Does Sustainable Design Sound like?” Sustainability Strategy Presentation, August 2006 Larm P, Hongisto V, “Experimental comparison between speech transmission index, rapid speech transmission index, and speech intelligibility index” Journal of Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 119, 1106-1117, 2006 Newsham G, “Making the Open-Plan Office a Better Place to Work” Construction Technology Update, National Research Council Canada, Vol. 60, 2003 Porter N, Flindell I, “Noise and Health – Overview and Recommendations” Proc IOA, Vol. 23, 2004 Rogers P, Sondo V, Warren C, “Sustainability in Acoustics, London 2012” Proc IOA, Vol. 29, Part 3, 2007 Soliani L, “Manuale di Statistica per la Ricerca e la Professione” Università di Parma, Edizione Aprile 2005 Spagnolo R, (a cura di) “Manuale di Acustica Applicata” UTET Sundstrom E, Town J, Rice R, Osborn D, Brill M, “Office noise, satisfaction and performance” Environment and Behavior, Vol. 26, 2, 195-222, 1994 Whitson B, “Turning green into gold” from study by Mihaly C, Webniar, Dec 2006 Willard B, “The Sustainability Advantage” New Society Publisher, British Columbia, 2002 Wilson M, Nicol J, “Some thoughts on acoustic comfort: a look at adaptive standards for noise” Proc IOA, Vol. 25, Part 7, 2003 Zagreus L, Huizenga C, “Using the CBE Occupant survey to assess facility management performance in GSA facilities” summary report, Center for the Build Environment, UC Berkeley, 2003 Zagreus L, Huizenga C, Arens E, Lehrer D, “Listening to the occupants: a web-based indoor environmental quality survey” Indoor Air, Vol. 14, 65-74, 2004

Modifica (riservato agli operatori)