polito.it
Politecnico di Torino (logo)

A method for the creation and evaluation of microclimate friendly urban typologies: the case study of altstetten, Zurich

Estefania Tapias Pedraza

A method for the creation and evaluation of microclimate friendly urban typologies: the case study of altstetten, Zurich.

Rel. Antje Kunze, Giuseppe Roccasalva, Gerhard Schmitt. Politecnico di Torino, Corso di laurea magistrale in Architettura Per La Sostenibilità, 2012

Questa è la versione più aggiornata di questo documento.

Abstract:

All over the world cities are growing with a shortage of resources. It is indispensable to implement transdisciplinary strategies for urban planning in order to develop attractive and eco-friendly environments. Therefore, with the case study of the Limmattal Region in Switzerland, the NRP65 SUPat project aims to integrate qualitative and quantitative design and research activities throughout collaborative urban planning processes and visualization-simulation tools. In this way, different regional future scenarios are evaluated and explored in order to proposed sustainable urban patterns for future developments.

The focus of this thesis is to contribute to the NRP65 project throughout a method proposal. This approach integrates climate and comfort parameters within the "envelope" theory, using environmental analysis tools (Autodesk Ecotect and Autodesk Vasari), and applying this into existing block typologies in order to obtain urban design strategies for the densification of cities. To achieve this, a series of steps had to be considered as analysis and research processes.

At the end, a final envelope was created for a local case study in Alt-stetten, Zurich (Residential focus area: Baslerstrasse- Grundstrasse - Frei-hofstrasse), which is the result of sustainable urban design strategies. This envelope works as a set of possible development areas for the densification of existing blocks. From this initial envelope, four different block designs were created for each future scenarios. With these four new variants, the idea was to make a loop and further simulate the environmental effects with Autodesk Ecotect and Autodesk Project Vasari, in order to evaluate the proposed method.

The general purpose of this method is to create a process, which combines environmental analysis tools with urban analysis and research procedures to survey on micro-climate friendly urban typologies.

Relatori: Antje Kunze, Giuseppe Roccasalva, Gerhard Schmitt
Tipo di pubblicazione: A stampa
Soggetti: A Architettura > AO Progettazione
U Urbanistica > UK Pianificazione urbana
Corso di laurea: Corso di laurea magistrale in Architettura Per La Sostenibilità
Classe di laurea: NON SPECIFICATO
Aziende collaboratrici: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich - Zürich - Schweiz, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich - Zürich - Schweiz
URI: http://webthesis.biblio.polito.it/id/eprint/2904
Capitoli:

Contents

1 Introduction

1.1 Overview

1.2 Motivation

1.3 Hypothesis and Research Question

1.4 Introduction to the SUPat Project

Theoretical Background

State of the Art

2.1 Information Architecture

2.2 Collaborative City Design .

2.3 Form-Based Code

2.4 Grammars and Design Patterns

2.5 Urban Simulation and Modeling

2.5.1 Simulation in Architecture

2.5.2 Procedural Modeling

2.6 Urban Evaluation

Urban Design Strategies

3.1 Urban Morphology

3.1.1 Morphological Elements

3.1.2 Morphological Transformation

3.1.3 Connected Street Patterns

3.1.4 Urban Block

3.1.5 Urban Block Size

3.1.6 Urban Coding

3.2 Quality of Urban Space

3.2.1 Principles of Organization of Urban Elements . .

3.2.2 Visual Quality of Space

3.2.3 Urban Traffic

3.2.4 Density and Concentration

3.3 Urban Layouts - Densification of Existing Urban Blocks in Implementation and Evaluation of the Framework

4 Case Study: Zurich Altstetten

4.1 Limmattal Region

4.2 Zurich Altstetten

Introduction to the Method

5.1 Overview

5.2 Method Steps

Elaboration of Regional and Urban Analysis

6.1 Regional Analysis

6.2 Urban Analysis

6.2.1 Urban Systems

6.2.2 Urban Strategies

Conceptual Diagrams for the SUPat Future Scenarios

7.1 Description of the SUPat Future Scenarios

7.2 Conceptual Diagrams

8 Selection and Characterization of Existing Block Typologies

8.1 Definition and Documentation of Existing Block Types ....

8.2 Categorization of Block Types According to Design Guide

lines and Building Typologies

9 Integration and Adaptation of Climate and Comfort Param

eters within the Envelope Concept

9.1 Overview

9.2 Steps of the New Envelope

10 Development of Different Block Designs

10.1 Character City

10.2 Smart City

10.3 Pure Dynamic

10.4 Charming Valley

11 Microclimate Evaluation of the Different Block Designs

11.1 Character City

11.2 Smart City

11.3 Pure Dynamic

11.4 Charming Valley

12 Conclusions and Outlook

12.1 Further Work

Bibliography List of Figures Annex

Bibliografia:

Bibliography

[1] BEIRAO, Jose Nuno. "Parametric Urban Design: Interactive tools for supporting urban design decision making". Delft, OTB. 2011

[2] CONZEN, M.R.G. Alnwick, Northumberland: A study in town-plan analysis. Elsevier. Second edition, 2010.

[3] CHRISTIAANSE, Kees; VAN DEN BORN, Han; GIETEMA, Ruurd; VAN OORT, lima. Situation KCAP. NAi publishers. 2005

[4] CHRISTIAANSE, Kees, SCHULLER, Nicola; RIENIETS, Tim. Bahn-hofareal Zurich. KCAP Architects & Planners. 2004-

[5] CARMONA, Matthew; TIESDELL, Steve; HEATH, Tim; OC, Taner. "Public Places- Urban Spaces, The dimensions of urban design". Insti¬tute of British Geographers- Publication 27. 1960

[6] DUANY, Andres; SORLIEN, Sandy; Wright, William. (Duany Plater-Zyberk & Company (DPZ)). "Smart Code Version 9.2". New Urban News Publications Inc. ISBN 0-9745021-5-4. 2010.

[7] FAYYAD, Usama; PIATETSKY-SHAPIRO, Gregory; Smyth, Padhraic. "From Data Mining to Knowledge Discovery in Databases". American Association for Artificial Intelligence. AI MAGAZINE. 1996.

[8] FRIEDMAN, Thomas L. "Hot, Flat and Crowded". Published by Far-rar, Straus and Giroux. 2008.

[9] FORD, Larry. The Spaces Between Buildings. The John Hopkins Uni¬versity Press, London. 2000.

[10] HALATSCH, Jan; KUNZE, Antje. "Value Lab: Collaboration in Space". Information Architecture, ETH Zurich. 11th International Con¬ference Information Visualization (IV'07). IEEE. 2007.

[11] HALATSCH, Jan; KUNZE, Antje; SCHMITT, Gerhard. "368: Sus¬tainable master planning using design grammars". 25th Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Dublin. PLEA 2008.

[12] HALATSCH, Jan; KUNZE, Antje; SCHIMITT, Gerhard. "Using Shape Grammars for Master Planning". Chair for Information Architecture, ETH Zurich.Design Computing and Cognition DCC'08. J.S Gero. 2008.

[13] HALATSCH, Jan; KUNZE, Antje; SCHIMITT, Gerhard. "Value Lab: Collaborative Environment for the planning of Future Cities". eCAADe 27. 2009.

[14] HALATSCH, Jan; KUNZe, Antje; VANEGAS, Carlos; MALDANER JACOBI, Martina; TURKIRNICZ, Nenamy; SCHMITT, Gerhard. "A Conceptual Participatory Design Framework for Urban Planning: The case study workshop 'World Cup 2014 Urban Scenarios', Porto Alegre, Brazil." 2010.

[15] HALATSCH, Jan. "COLLABORATIVE CITY DESIGN". Lecture 3 — New methods in urban simulation. 2011.

[16] HEBBERT, Michael. Engeneering, urbanism and the struggle for street design. Journal of urban design. 2005

[17] KNEMEYER, Dirk. "Richard Saul Wurman: The InfoDesign inter¬view". January 2004-

[18] KROPF, Karl. Against the perimeter block: A morphological critique. Urban Design. 2006.

[19] KOLTSOVA, Anastasia., TUNCER, Bige., GEORGAKOPOULOU, Sofia., SCHMITT, Gerhard. "Parametric tools for conceptual design support at the pedestrian urban scale". Proceedings of the 30th inter¬national conference on education and research in computer aided archi¬tectural design in europe. 2012.

[20] LENHARD, Johannes; KUPPERS, Giinter. "Simulation: pragmatic construction of reality". Springer. 2006.

[21] MARSHALL, Steven. Urban Coding and Planing. Routledge. 2011 [22] MARSHALL, Steven. Cities, Design and Evolution. Routledge. 2009

[23] MERRELL, Paul; MANOCHA, Dinesh. "Model Synthesis: A General Procedural Modeling Algorithm". University of North Carolina. IEEE. 2010.

[24] MARTIN, Hans. Pionier der Raumplanung. Gta Verlag. 2008.

[25] PALLOT, M. "Engaging Users into Research and Innovation: The Liv¬ing Lab Approach as a User Centred Open Innovation Ecosystem". Webergence Blog. 2009.

[26] PARISH, Yoav I H; MULLER, Pascal. "Procedural Modeling of Cities". Siggraph publication. 2001.

[27] PATTACINI, Laurence. "Climate and urban form". URBAN DESIGN International. 2012.

[28] RIZAL, Sebastian. "Managing Collaborative Design". Eburon. 2010.

[29] SALINGAROS, Nikos A. "A theory of architecture". UMBAU-VERLAG. 2006. Roddick, Jhon F.; HORNSBY, Kathleen. "Temporal, spatial, and spatio-temporal data mining". Springer. 2007.

[30] SCHMITT, Gerhard. "Information Architecture: Basis and Future of CADD". Ed.Birkhduser. 1999.

[31] SCHUMACHER, Maresa; KOCH, Michael. "The belly of the panner: Discovering the urban potential of the Limmattal." Landscape Archi¬tecture in Mutation Hrsg. Institute for Landscape Architecture, ETHZ gta Verlag, Zurich. 2005.

[32] ULMER, Andreas; HALATSCH, Jan; KUNZE, Antje; MULLER, Pas¬cal; VAN GOOL, Luc. "Procedural Design of Urban Open Spaces". City Modelling - eCAADe 25. 2007.

[33] WISSEN HAYEK, Ulrike; VON WIRTH, Timo; KUNZE, Antje; NEUENSCHWANDER, Noemi. "How does the Limmattal present itself in the year 2030?- Four regional scenarios". SUPat - Sustainable Ur¬ban Patterns. (IRL), ETHZ, Institute Environmental Decisions (IED), Natural and Social Science Interface (NSSI), ETHZ, Information Ar¬chitecture (IA), ETHZ. September 2011.

[34] Chair of Information Architecture, ETH Zurich Website:

http://www. ia. arch. ethz. ch/teaching/

[35] NRP65 Project (Sustainable Urban Patterns) Website:

http://www. supat. ethz. ch/research/

[36] Futures Cities Laboratory Website: http://www.futurecities. ethz. ch/

[37] WordNet: lexical database of English, Princeton University:

http://wordnet.princeton.edu/

[38] Richard Saul Wurman: The InfoDesign interview:

http://www.informationdesign.org/special/wurman_interview.htm

[39] Limmattal Region Website:

http://www.standort-limmattal.ch/

Modifica (riservato agli operatori) Modifica (riservato agli operatori)