Water scarcity is one of the most important issues that is characterising our times. Climate change, pollution, exploitation of water reserves and population growth are among the root causes for this situation. Today, it is estimated that at least 4 billion people live in a water-stressed condition, which leads many countries to face serious problems, even counting that fresh water needs will increase globally by 20-30% by 2050. The concomitant shortage of fresh water reserves, easy access to salt water sources and high insolation in some places in the world provide opportunities to use desalination processes that can be driven or partially driven by solar energy.