Diana Sgrelli
Characterization of tritium transport in the PAV for the EU DEMO reactor.
Rel. Roberto Bonifetto, Antonio Froio. Politecnico di Torino, Master of science program in Energy And Nuclear Engineering, 2024
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Abstract
One of the main challenges for the EU DEMO reactor is to achieve tritium self-sufficiency by means of the Tritium Extraction and Removal System (TERS). The Permeator Against Vacuum (PAV) is a candidate to become the tritium extractor for the TERS: it has a shell-and-tube configuration, where tritium is dissolved in the carrier liquid metal (PbLi) and is forced to cross a metallic (niobium) membrane by pumping vacuum on the secondary side. However, currently there are huge uncertainties in the tritium transport properties, particularly regarding solubility values, which pose a significant challenges for the modeling of tritium permeation. This work aims at comprehensively understand tritium transport within the PAV.
This involved several steps: the development of a CFD model using the software OpenFOAM, whose flexibility allowed to craft a set of custom boundary conditions and a solver that are not available in commercial CFD software; the validation against Brasimone's research center (ENEA, Italy) experimental data; a sensitivity analysis on key physical parameters; and, finally, the development of a correlation for the mass transfer coefficient
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