Iron Oxide Nanoparticles coated with miR-330 as a novel anticancer therapy in Triple Negative Breast Cancer

Gabriele Pera

Iron Oxide Nanoparticles coated with miR-330 as a novel anticancer therapy in Triple Negative Breast Cancer.

Rel. Valentina Alice Cauda. Politecnico di Torino, Master of science program in Biomedical Engineering, 2023

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common diagnosed cancer type worldwide. Among breast cancer subtypes, Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) stands out due to its heightened aggressiveness, marked by a high incidence of metastasis, relapse, and patient mortality. TNBC poses a unique challenge as it exhibits significant genetic diversity and lacks molecular targets like the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Consequently, traditional targeted therapies are ineffective against TNBC. KRAS gene plays a central role in cell signaling pathways controlling cellular growth, differentiation and survival. KRAS is the most frequently mutated oncogene in humans.

KRAS mutations result in the constitutive activation of downstream signaling pathways, such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways, driving uncontrolled cell proliferation and evasion of apoptosis