Cancer is the first cause of death worldwide. Lung cancer, in particular, is characterized by the lowest life expectancy after diagnosis. Among the types of lung cancer, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) presents a complex and varied structure: it consists of several cell types (among all epithelial cells and fibroblasts) embedded in an extracellular matrix, stiffer than healthy tissue and with a dense and tortuous vasculature. Currently, mouse models are considered the gold standard in cancer research. However, due to ethical and economic issues, there is a trend in the direction of replicating these models in vitro. There are several types of in vitro models, which differ in their complexity that reflects the biomimicry of the model.