Carbon dots (CDs) are a class of carbon nanoparticles which possess interesting properties such as high fluorescence, high solubility and size in the nanometre range. This thesis work focused on the role of CDs as fluorescent probes for harmful metals sensing through the phenomenon of fluorescence quenching, in which the intensity of the fluorescence emission of the CDs is reduced following a bonding with a metal particle. For this application, glucose-based CDs were synthesized through hydrothermal method in an autoclave at 200°C, followed by purification by dialysis with the use of a 5kDa cut-off membrane, lasting 72h. Lastly, the resulting nanoparticles were thermally treated in an oven at 60°C for several days.