Floriana Marchese
Links between wall shear stress topological skeleton and imaging markers of early atherosclerosis at the carotid artery.
Rel. Umberto Morbiducci, Valentina Mazzi, Diego Gallo. Politecnico di Torino, Master of science program in Biomedical Engineering, 2022
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Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are still the leading cause of death globally. Atherosclerosis, one of the most diffused, consists in the formation of plaques between intima and media layers of the vessel wall. Since this disease develops silently until the vessel lumen is severely narrowed, it is capitally important predicting its onset, which depends on systemic, biological and hemodynamical factors. In particular, haemodynamics and geometry play a localizing role in atherosclerotic lesion formation. In fact, in the arterial tree, atherosclerotic plaques tend to develop at specific sites, characterized by complex geometries and complex blood flow patterns. One of these preferential sites is the carotid artery bifurcation.
For many years, low and oscillatory Wall Shear Stress (WSS) acting on the endothelial cells have been recognized as the main indices of disturbed flow promoting atherosclerosis onset and progression; however, this theory has been recently questioned: new studies highlight how low and oscillatory WSS are significant, but only moderate predictors of plaques localization
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