The aim of the present study was to develop a bioartificial synovium model by three dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology. In particular, volumetric extrusion has been adopted to fabricate cellularized scaffolds, usable as in vitro models to study the pathophysiology of some rheumatic diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and evaluate new therapeutic approaches, while reducing and replacing animal trials. Synovium is a complex and specialized tissue that surrounds the tendons. It is composed of heterogeneous cell populations (synoviocytes and monocytes), acellular stroma, nerves, lymphatic system and blood vessels. Synovial inflammation plays a critical role in the symptoms and structural progression of joint disease.