The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of cerium oxide nanoparticles, synthetized by a glycol-assisted precipitation method, as a free radical scavenger against oxidative chemical species in muscle cell cultures. The experimental work was focused mainly on two aspects: the procedure to fabricate the nanoparticles and the several tests to measure and analyse their properties, including their antioxidant effect on the mouse C2C12 myoblast line. The first part of the work was thus focused on the fabrication of antioxidants with nanometric size and suitable chemical composition. These properties were examined by relying on characterization techniques, such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and others.