Acoustic optimization of urban façades in the preliminary stages of the project
Roberto Manca
Acoustic optimization of urban façades in the preliminary stages of the project.
Rel. Arianna Astolfi, Louena Shtrepi, Cristina Calleri. Politecnico di Torino, Corso di laurea magistrale in Architettura Costruzione Città, 2017
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, acoustics is still problematic when talking about its relation to architecture. In most cases architectural projects consider interior sound quality and reduction of noise pollution as a secondary aspect to solve in the design process of a project. This attention is usually limited to indoor environments using simple geometries and materials variations. Very few studies have investigated the outdoor environments and the issues related to the acoustics when dealing with an urban scale, i.e. a street or square or even a whole city considering buildings design as a possible solution. The noise pollution is a real problem that could be faced from the architects in the very beginning of their projects. This thesis wants to be a step forward in the connection of the acoustic and architectural aspects through a helpful tool for the planner, the designer, the architect to approach acoustics in a project. First, a detailed analysis of the design process and workflow has been performed to understand how and when the acoustic aspects should be introduced. In most cases the preliminary phase of the project results the most suitable. Second, a case study has been selected based on some criteria, i.e. high noise level neighborhood, narrow street that is likely to enhance the "canyon effect’’ and new building on which modifications of the facades are likely to be applicable. A portion of the street has been modelled in a parametric way through Rhinoceros and Grasshopper, and acoustic simulations have been performed through an acoustic software integrated in Rhinoceros, i.e. Pachyderm Acoustic Simulation. Finally, the design of the façade materials has been investigated aiming at the noise sound level reduction on the street and façade levels compared to the real conditions. Results are shown in six projects realized using the procedure explained in this thesis. The first two projects are considering only materials changing on the building. The others are considering materials and geometries changes obtaining interesting results.
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