This thesis addresses the development and optimization of a tunable interface nanopore (iNP) device for single-molecule protein sensing. In contrast to conventional solid- state and biological nanopores, the pore is defined by the geometric interaction between a soft polymeric membrane and a nanostructured glass blade, enabling real-time size modulation without nanolithography. This approach reduces fabrication complexity, enhances adaptability to different analytes, and improves compatibility with microelectronic platforms. The work focused on two main aspects: (i) polymer membrane engineering, aimed at reducing thickness and improving actuation efficiency, and (ii) electrode functionalization, to reduce impedance and increase charge storage capacity (CSC) for improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).