Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common and aggressive type of pancreatic cancer due to the lack of early diagnosis, rapid progression, early metastasis, and limited response to treatment. No test for early detection exists, and nearly all patients are asymptomatic in early stages. As a result, 90% of cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage, making surgery—the gold standard—too risky or ineffective. PDAC cells develop genetic and epigenetic changes that make them resistant to chemotherapy and radiation, complicating the search for new therapeutic strategies. There is no effective treatment for PDAC. Although immunotherapy is showing promise, there is an urgent need to better understand the limitations of current treatments.