Peltier Module Powered Embedded System

The thesis in question, developed in collaboration with a toll company, aims to create a prototype device for the aforementioned company that is innovative and environmentally friendly. The goal is to utilize heat transfer to make the embedded system even more long-lasting and durable, achieved through an energy harvesting process based on Peltier cells. Firstly, the Peltier cell is analyzed in detail, examining its physical-chemical composition and revisiting classical literature topics such as P-N and P-N-P junctions. The optimal use of these tools is demonstrated, along with mathematical formulas to calculate the heat sink that aggregates on one of the cell faces. Secondly, a synthesis of lithium batteries is presented, primarily focusing on their main characteristics and methods to understand their State of Charge (SoC). This is crucial for determining the type of battery needed to create a circuit capable of recharging the Peltier cell. Furthermore, the topic of energy harvesting is explored, including its definition, categorization, and various types. This is a highly innovative area, particularly valued by modern companies increasingly investing in innovation. Chapter 6 details the analysis, characterization, and experimentation of the device. The mechanism used to characterize the Peltier cell is described, along with the data obtained and related considerations. The response of the Peltier cell to the driver enabling energy harvesting operation is demonstrated, supported by graphs and tables to aid understanding. Additionally, the chapter covers the characterization of the lithium battery used by the company, including estimations of its charge capacity duration and heat resistance. Finally, the circuit designed to enable communication between the three elements - Peltier cell, battery, and energy harvesting module - is presented. The mechanical design of the device is also showcased since it is an embedded system to be placed inside the vehicle cabin, attached to the windshield. This requires a specific mechanical setup to allow the antennas in the toll system to function in parallel with the Peltier cells, which are attached to the windshield to collect heat and operate effectively.