Well cementation processes in CO_2 storage activities

At the global level, we are pretty familiar with the scale of Cox and NOx pollutants rising rapidly year after year from various sources like industrialization, urbanization, and new technology production enhancement. one of the major sources, no doubt is oil and gas production. Every year approximately 5.1 million tons of CO2 are produced from the production extraction and transport of oil and gas [41]. CO_2 injection into the reservoir at the subsurface level is one of the most efficient and reliable approaches to reducing CO2 produced globally. but the normal cementation has an adverse effect on well stability. This thesis addresses the most methodical cementing approach for CO_2 injection. This research reports simulation results of supercritical CO2 effect on a cement sphere, the change of porosity, and the permeability over time. The simulation also addresses the diffusion of CO2 into the matrix of standard Portland cement. Furthermore, it has been mentioned the corrosion-resistant material can be added to inhibit the act of carbonization and formation of carbonic acid such as pozzolanic material, basalt ash, ACA, and nanoparticles filling the matrix of the cement.